Re: Lithium Batteries
Reply #7 –
Having a Chevy Volt with a lithium battery, I read several articles posted on the internet to learn a bit about lithium batteries. One of the main advantages is that they do not weigh as much as a lead acid battery and the size is smaller. The disadvantage is the cost, but they can have a long life if properly used. The Volt has a roughly 16 kwh battery (size varies a little with the model year) but only about 10.5 kwh is used. For long life it is never fully charged or discharged. A 50% charge might be best for long life, but isn't practical. A full charge reduces life and a complete discharge will probably kill the battery. The best operating temperature is around 70 F. If they get too hot they can catch fire. The chemistry of the battery can be adjusted to make the battery less prone to catch fire but at a loss of power. The Volt has a plate between every two cells of the 288 cells with coolant that can either heat or cool the cells. Battery electronics check each cell several times a second for the proper voltage during charging and if one cell reaches max charge before the others it is bypassed. The battery cooling/heating system is separate from the other 3 cooling systems (gas engine, power electronics/charger, electric drive motors/generators/gearing), but is tied into the air-conditioning via a chiller. On a hot day during charging the electric AC compressor may run to cool the battery if the radiator fans are not doing the job. The battery and the electronics on the battery have an 8 year/100,000 mile warranty. I don't know the replacement cost. I can usually go about 40 miles on a charge, and recharging uses about 13.5 kwh. Someone went 80 miles driving at 23 mph, and rumor has it that at 100 mph you get 16 miles before the gas engine starts up. It's a fun car to drive, very pleasant, and no need to worry about a depleted battery with the gas engine driven generator. Drive it anywhere like a regular car, but at home almost all the miles are electric. Last gas bought in June and I still have a half tank!