Re: Over-Charge in Amp-Hours values
Reply #5 –
I am surprised in this thread that no one has mentioned that recharging a discharged battery uses more amphours then the number of amphours which were used. The lower the discharge, the more inefficient recharging is. Recharging an 8D battery after discharging it 20 amphours (circa 10%) will require about 35 amphours. Recharging a battery from 50% to 60% charged (20 amphours) will require about 25 amphours. This is because the recharging efficiency for recharging from 90% to 100% is only 50-60%, while recharge efficiency for recharging from 50-60% is almost 90%. If an 8D battery is discharge by 100 amphours (50%), recharging will require 140 amphours.
An amphour meter is built to count all amphours out but not all amphours in. Newer amphour meters allow adjustment of the recharge efficiency in an attempt to display zero amphours when the battery reaches full charge. The recharge efficiency is affected by the type of battery as well as the condition of the battery and the condition of the battery is affected by by equalizing or desulfating. All amphour meters require periodic resetting.
How to know your battery is fully charged involves "shades of gray". The most accurate way is using a hydrometer. This is not possible with the sealed batteries which most of us have. Using voltage alone to determine "state of charge" is not very accurate unless you know what has been happening to your batteries and know what type of batteries you have.
The float voltage for a fully charged battery will depend on type and condition. Float voltage will vary from 13.2 to 13.8, but is generally considered to be good at 13.4 with sealed batteries. My batteries float at 13.5 or 13.6 volts because I am using desulfators, which causes battery voltage to rise.
I have set bulk voltage to 14.6 for solar but only 14.4 for alternator. The amps from solar is limited by the solar panels while the amps from alternator are not.
After charging, check your batteries to see if they are hot or bulging (charging too fast).