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Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Hello,

I have the coach home getting it ready for a trip to South Dakota and was investigating an issue with my house batteries not charging while going down the road. The only way they charge is if I turn on the boost solenoid. This got me investigating and I found that the battery isolator has the #2 post with nothing attached. It should be the alternator lead which is now on post 4 with . So my questions are how do you check a 4 post isolator? Beam alarm's instructions cover a 3 post and I'm not sure of how the internals set up on the 4 post. Will a 3 post work in the 4 post isolators place? I'm not sure why FT installed the jumper from post 1 to 2. I have a 3 post 200 Amp isolator on hand and thought I would use it if it has enough capacity. Attached are some photos of the isolator and my wiring diagram. Any help would be appreciated.
Ian Minaert
1993 U280 Build #4324
Cummins 8.3, 6-Speed, Exhaust Brake, Aquahot
Valley Center, KS

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #1
The 3 post isolator will work fine.  The original 4 post isolator had a jumper between two of the battery posts.  The theory around here is that this increased the capacity by using 2 diodes to control voltage going to the house battery bank.  Photo below of the OEM isolator on our coach.  Numbering the posts from left to right, #1 and #3 are house battery posts with jumper cable.  #2 is alternator input, and #4 is start battery.

The way your OEM isolator is wired, it is doing nothing.  It probably quit working and the "fix" (by somebody) was to remove it from the charging circuit.  Or, it could have been mis-wired due to ignorance of the isolator's intended function (this is very common).

Many members (including me) have replaced the 4 post isolator with a 3 post and this works fine.  200 amp capacity is more than enough.

Search "isolator" with the forum search tool for many posts on this subject.
1993 U280 SE 40' WTBI, Build: 4359
C8.3 300hp, 6-Speed, Exhaust Brake
960 watts on the roof (6 x 160)
Sorento (or BOLT) on a Kar Kaddy SS
"Nature abhors a vacuum"

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #2
The 3 post isolator will work fine.  The original 4 post isolator had a jumper between two of the battery posts.  The theory around here is that this increased the capacity by using 2 diodes to control voltage going to the house battery bank.

Many members have replaced the 4 post isolator with a 3 post and it works fine.  200 amp capacity is more than enough.

Search "isolator" with the forum search tool for many posts on this subject.
Just to be sure I understand, since I have the 3-post isolator, the diode drops the voltage 0.7v and the sense wire from the alternator ups the input voltage to the isolator to make everything fine on the other side?
1992 Foretravel Grand Villa
U225 SBID Build No. 4134
1986 Rockwood Driftwood
1968 S.I.A.T.A. Spring
1962 Studebaker Lark
1986 Honda VF700C
1983 Honda VF750C
Charlie, the Dog was broken out of jail 24 Oct 2023
N1RPN
AA1OH (H)e who must be obeyed.

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #3
Just to be sure I understand, since I have the 3-post isolator, the diode drops the voltage 0.7v and the sense wire from the alternator ups the input voltage to the isolator to make everything fine on the other side?
Correct.  The sense wire (if connected correctly) reads the voltage on the start battery.  The alternator does whatever necessary to insure the start battery voltage is correct.  If that means raising the charging voltage to compensate for the drop through the isolator diode, so be it.
1993 U280 SE 40' WTBI, Build: 4359
C8.3 300hp, 6-Speed, Exhaust Brake
960 watts on the roof (6 x 160)
Sorento (or BOLT) on a Kar Kaddy SS
"Nature abhors a vacuum"

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #4
Thanks for the quick response and description of the isolator and FT's thought process.

I agree with the quick fix idea. Its these types of things that I keep finding as we work through her systems. Its been fun!
Ian Minaert
1993 U280 Build #4324
Cummins 8.3, 6-Speed, Exhaust Brake, Aquahot
Valley Center, KS

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #5
I would investigate replacing the isolator with an auto combiner.  The industry switched to combiners across the board. Less voltage drop?  Magnetic connection internally, no power consumption.

Either bank gets a charge it combines them.  Disconnects on discharge.  If wired to the starter relay auto disconnects to not cover up the engine start batteries true condition.

"Riding and rejoicing"
Bob
1997 U320 40' Mid entry, build 5132,  wtbi ce27, 4th owner
2007 Solara convertible
2 prodeco tech outlaw ss electric bikes

1095 watts solar
08 Ls 460 and a sc430
2000 Ford F-250 superduty 4x4

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #6
If you change to a combiner from an isolator, be sure to check voltages as it may be a little high. Our alternator on our 1993 U300 has an easy to adjust voltage screw on top of the alternator.

Pierce
Pierce and Gaylie Stewart
'93 U300/36 WTBI
Detroit 6V-92TA Jake
1140 watts on the roof
SBFD (ret)

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #7
If you change to a combiner from an isolator, be sure to check voltages as it may be a little high. Our alternator on our 1993 U300 has an easy to adjust voltage screw on top of the alternator.

Pierce

No reason voltage output from alternator should need adjustment.  The sense wire is on the chassis battery side of the diode-based isolator so it tells alternator what it needs to do to put the proper voltage to the battery.  Basically, it compensates for voltage loss in the diode-based isolator.

Said another way, if voltage is OK with  the diode-based isolator, it should be OK with a combiner.
Brett Wolfe
EX: 1993 U240
Moderator, ForeForum 2001-
Moderator Diesel RV Club 2002-
Moderator, FMCA Forum 2009-2020
Chairman FMCA Technical Advisory Committee 2011-2020

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #8
Don't think there is any reason not to check voltages after changing components especially if one component's possible failure was the reason for the change. Another good argument for having digital voltmeters in view on the dash when driving. I have a switch for them but since they don't use any juice to speak of, I keep them on 24/7.

Pierce
Pierce and Gaylie Stewart
'93 U300/36 WTBI
Detroit 6V-92TA Jake
1140 watts on the roof
SBFD (ret)

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #9
Agree, ALWAYS a good idea to keep an eye on charging voltage-- from alternator, solar, converter or inverter/charger.

Just don't think going from diode-based isolator to a battery combiner will change the alternator charge voltage.

And, there is always the KISS way to combine-- a marine simple ON-OFF switch. Alternator B+ and chassis to one lug, house to the other.  OFF, chassis battery is charged.  ON, both banks are charged and a heck of a battery combiner. If going from CG with power to CG with power, I always left the switch OFF.  No point in burning diesel to over work the alternator to over charge the house bank.

Several very good ways to do it! IMO, the diode-based isolator is at the bottom of the list.
Brett Wolfe
EX: 1993 U240
Moderator, ForeForum 2001-
Moderator Diesel RV Club 2002-
Moderator, FMCA Forum 2009-2020
Chairman FMCA Technical Advisory Committee 2011-2020

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #10
Agree with your KISS method. Have solar and house batteries on one side and alternator and start batteries on the other. But use a modified boost solenoid to connect the two banks together. Seldom necessary. My dash has two cigarette lighter outlets, one on house, and one on start batteries, use  plug in voltmeters with usb outlets, to monitor voltages.
Because of the difference in house and start battery voltages, have small inverter and trickle charger on house batteries to  charge start batteries when dry camping.
Jim C.
coachfree, previous 1997, 1999, 2000, and 2003 Foretravels.

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #11
No one is perfect.  Requires automation.  If you manually combine the battery banks and either side inadvertently has a draw you could ruin a lot of expensive batteries. They are never the same

Versus the auto disconnect if either bank is being discharged.

Impossible to damage both banks that way.  You would always have a backup bank.

Is the money and time needed to update the systems the issue here?

I am getting the impression that almost any financial outlay is beyond some here's ability.

Rv'ers are notoriously frugal.  That's good. 

Cheap was almost always more expensive long run.

I want what the new million dollar boys have but at a fraction  of the investment.

I have killed countless battery banks from one mistake. Way too expensive over the long run



"Riding and rejoicing"
Bob
1997 U320 40' Mid entry, build 5132,  wtbi ce27, 4th owner
2007 Solara convertible
2 prodeco tech outlaw ss electric bikes

1095 watts solar
08 Ls 460 and a sc430
2000 Ford F-250 superduty 4x4

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #12
Having a voltmeter on both the house bank and start bank right in front of you on the dash will give you a pretty good indication of what is going on battery wise. With the ability to combine or seperate them as necessary. Really don't trust some device 40 ft away in the engine compartment to do my thinking for me.
Worked on ships for 50 years, lots of safety and automation devices to make life easier and less stressful. But in most cases, still have an engineer watching the gauges to make sure the safety and automation devices do their job.
In my case certainly not the financial outlay, have close to $10000 in solar, batteries etc. and would rather be hands on and proactive, instead of waiting for the bestest, newest device to mess up.
Think I have explained to Bob in the past, that you cannot us a standard battery combiner with agm start batteries and lithium ion house batteries because of the voltage differences.


Jim C.
coachfree, previous 1997, 1999, 2000, and 2003 Foretravels.

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #13
Foretravel I think uses a combiner with optima red tops and gels on their new coaches as far as I know.

My guru buddy when asked the same exact question said he had no issues with using combiners with the two battery types.

His answer covers a lot of non optima batteries.

All the manufacturers use a combiner. 

 Almost no one here has a battery temp controlled alternator that I am aware of. 

As hot batteries can be overcharged by as low as 13 volts and in winter weather they need as much as 14 volts or over the voltage mismatch can obviously happen but the incorrect alternator charging voltage would seem to be more of a problem.

Maybe that's why every Unicoach ever made had optima spiral wound engine batteries and mk gels and either an isolator or now a combiner.

My understanding is the both battery brands can take low or high charging volts and non corrected by temp charging voltages or non 1/5th or 1/20 C charging rates .

My buddy has replaced every problem isolator with a non manual combiner for 10 years.  Regardless of battery types with no issues.

Like I said I asked the same question.

AGM engine and AGM house would lessen anyone's concern. 

Damaged  agm's from mischarging is normally not fixable. 

All inverters for the last twenty years have had a battery temp control available. 

Unfortunately the engine batteries temp is way different. 

Everything is a compromise.  I would rather eliminate the run the batteries flat and kill them versus a voltage mismatch which is already present from the locations of the battery banks.

I killed two sets or red tops from failed small chargers.

Versus the combiner and using a small solar panel set to make sure when I open the coach up that both batteries are at 100%

We a sort of preppers in shaky town.

Dead batteries is not an option.  If they last 10 years versus 12 or more so be it.

Bought a new geared Delco starter just to be sure I can start the engine even with low volts in the start battery bank.

The isolator consumes power.  The combiner has 100k cycle magnetic latching.  Versus 3 amps and getting hot.

I have both dash plugs filled with second digit digital meters and monitor the dash gauge and the digital ones and the audit one.

Plus the VPMS shows the engines ECU voltage.

As Wolfe mentioned I turned down the alternators nominal voltage as well as the solar output to be 13.6 at the batteries.

In that same vein I added a magnum Battery Monitoring System. 

It's connections to its control box  are directly at the battery terminals themselves..

At the same area I already had a Xantrex power pro gauge. 

Both the inverter and the Xantrex gauge and the audit have voltage drops because of the longer wire runs.

The Magnums short 5' leads should be more accurate.

My guru said I would be able to compare the magnum and the Xantrex units for accuracy.

The magnum auto resets at 100% versus manual matching on the Xantrex.

Plus integrates better with the inverter with the me-arc new panel. 

Working up the the ME-AGS-N and the power trace 100 amp  solar controller and the integrated heat and air auto gen start.

The link 2000R control panel that was available for the heart freedom 25's did adjust the alternators voltage depending on battery temps as far a I have seen








"Riding and rejoicing"
Bob
1997 U320 40' Mid entry, build 5132,  wtbi ce27, 4th owner
2007 Solara convertible
2 prodeco tech outlaw ss electric bikes

1095 watts solar
08 Ls 460 and a sc430
2000 Ford F-250 superduty 4x4

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #14
Foretravel I think uses a combiner with optima red tops and gels on their new coaches as far as I know.

My guru buddy when asked the same exact question said he had no issues with using combiners with the two battery types.

His answer covers a lot of non optima batteries.

All the manufacturers use a combiner. 

 Almost no one here has a battery temp controlled alternator that I am aware of. 

As hot batteries can be overcharged by as low as 13 volts and in winter weather they need as much as 14 volts or over the voltage mismatch can obviously happen but the incorrect alternator charging voltage would seem to be more of a problem.

Maybe that's why every Unicoach ever made had optima spiral wound engine batteries and mk gels and either an isolator or now a combiner.

My understanding is the both battery brands can take low or high charging volts and non corrected by temp charging voltages or non 1/5th or 1/20 C charging rates .

My buddy has replaced every problem isolator with a non manual combiner for 10 years.  Regardless of battery types with no issues.

Like I said I asked the same question.

AGM engine and AGM house would lessen anyone's concern. 

Damaged  agm's from mischarging is normally not fixable. 

All inverters for the last twenty years have had a battery temp control available. 

Unfortunately the engine batteries temp is way different. 

Everything is a compromise.  I would rather eliminate the run the batteries flat and kill them versus a voltage mismatch which is already present from the locations of the battery banks.

I killed two sets or red tops from failed small chargers.

Versus the combiner and using a small solar panel set to make sure when I open the coach up that both batteries are at 100%

We a sort of preppers in shaky town.

Dead batteries is not an option.  If they last 10 years versus 12 or more so be it.

Bought a new geared Delco starter just to be sure I can start the engine even with low volts in the start battery bank.

The isolator consumes power.  The combiner has 100k cycle magnetic latching.  Versus 3 amps and getting hot.

I have both dash plugs filled with second digit digital meters and monitor the dash gauge and the digital ones and the audit one.

Plus the VPMS shows the engines ECU voltage.

As Wolfe mentioned I turned down the alternators nominal voltage as well as the solar output to be 13.6 at the batteries.

In that same vein I added a magnum Battery Monitoring System. 

It's connections to its control box  are directly at the battery terminals themselves..

At the same area I already had a Xantrex power pro gauge. 

Both the inverter and the Xantrex gauge and the audit have voltage drops because of the longer wire runs.

The Magnums short 5' leads should be more accurate.

My guru said I would be able to compare the magnum and the Xantrex units for accuracy.

The magnum auto resets at 100% versus manual matching on the Xantrex.

Plus integrates better with the inverter with the me-arc new panel. 

Working up the the ME-AGS-N and the power trace 100 amp  solar controller and the integrated heat and air auto gen start.

The link 2000R control panel that was available for the heart freedom 25's did adjust the alternators voltage depending on battery temps as far a I have seen





Bob, you and your guru need to research lithium ion batteries, it's a new world, nothing like agm or gel cell.
Welcome to the 21st. Pretty sure agm and gel cell will be like 8 tracks in 10 years.
Just bought a new battery for my old Zuma 125 scooter, not cheap, but is a 3 lb lithium.


Jim C.
coachfree, previous 1997, 1999, 2000, and 2003 Foretravels.

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #15
Agree, ALWAYS a good idea to keep an eye on charging voltage-- from alternator, solar, converter or inverter/charger.
And, there is always the KISS way to combine-- a marine simple ON-OFF switch. Alternator B+ and chassis to one lug, house to the other.  OFF, chassis battery is charged.  ON, both banks are charged and a heck of a battery combiner. If going from CG with power to CG with power, I always left the switch OFF.  No point in burning diesel to over work the alternator to over charge the house bank.
Several very good ways to do it! IMO, the diode-based isolator is at the bottom of the list.
Yes, the marine A, B, both and off is the perfect solution. Almost.  Your boat is probably that way but there is always going to be a certain percentage of people that will rotate the knob when the engine is running and create a voltage spike. We always turned the switch to off when the apparatus was parked. We switched A to B each morning with a new crew but the Detroits didn't like one 8D so we went from off to both (two 8Ds) before hitting the starter. In this case, both battery banks were single conventional 8Ds.

My little jumper from lighter plug to lighter plug works great when the coach is parked to keep both battery banks at about 13.20 volts when only one bank is connected to the charger. Engine is conventional, house AGM.

Very few owners manage to label the cables so there is a high percentage of isolators that are not connected correctly. Age fades the factory label on most wires in this exposed environment. Label and take a smart phone photo. Hard to make a mistake this way.

Pierce
Pierce and Gaylie Stewart
'93 U300/36 WTBI
Detroit 6V-92TA Jake
1140 watts on the roof
SBFD (ret)

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #16
Yes, the marine A, B, both and off is the perfect solution.


An emphatic, NO-- for the reason you mention.

You want only an ON-OFF switch like this one: e-Series On Off Battery Switch - Blue Sea Systems

Totally idiot proof and rated at 350 amps continuous and 1200 amps cranking.
Brett Wolfe
EX: 1993 U240
Moderator, ForeForum 2001-
Moderator Diesel RV Club 2002-
Moderator, FMCA Forum 2009-2020
Chairman FMCA Technical Advisory Committee 2011-2020

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #17
Or use a boost type circuit that you control by looking at bank voltages. Alternator is ALWAYS connected to start battery, and you decide if you want to connect house bank as well.
Jim C.
coachfree, previous 1997, 1999, 2000, and 2003 Foretravels.

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #18
Li -ion has tempature,restrictions.  Needs to be in a temp controlled area if you intend to be below freezing or above 100 much.

Temps at the battery itself.  No river trips at 120 or skiing at zero degrees 

Love the idea.  Our electric bikes have li-ion as does our off road bikes.

Dr Goodenough has developed next generation li-ion using silicone instead.  He invented li-ion 40 years ago

Tesla is rumored to be building a new model S.  I wonder if it will have the new cells in it.

No temp issues,  3 times the density and charge rates

Li-ion requires a "warm up" to produce max power.

My dirt bike turns over slowly.

Turn the headlight on for a couple of minutes to get the battery "going" and it starts right up.

Different chemistry

"Riding and rejoicing"
Bob
1997 U320 40' Mid entry, build 5132,  wtbi ce27, 4th owner
2007 Solara convertible
2 prodeco tech outlaw ss electric bikes

1095 watts solar
08 Ls 460 and a sc430
2000 Ford F-250 superduty 4x4

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #19
I still subscribe to the most "KISS" battery bank. Three 8D AGM batteries in one bank with NO isolator (not required).
Alternator adjusted to 14.3 volts (ask if you want to know how to do this very simple modification).
The refer is powered from the inverter when driving with propane turned off (illegal in most states and provinces to have propane "on" when driving).
Batteries are fully charged at the end of a day of driving (from alternator and solar panels).

This single battery bank configuration cannot be done with Lithium batteries because they do not have sufficient cranking amps.
Wyatt
96 U320 40 WTFE, build 4943
84 Toyota Supra towd
2015 Jeep Wrangler towd
Victoria, BC, Canada

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #20
BattleBorn LiFePO4 batteries suggest that the batteries will no longer accept a charge once the temperature drops to 24 degrees F, but they will continue to discharge until the temperature reaches -4 degrees F and that the batteries will shut down once the temperature hits 135 degrees F.

High temp is not likely to be an issue, I will shut down long before that.  Low temp charge and discharge limits are on batteries at those temperatures. A heated space is not required. but it is easy and cheap to overcome these limits to much lower temps.  BattleBorn sells heating pads for their batteries for $200 each.  Similar products are available for 10% of that.

And the "Charge While Driving" is not an issue either.  Easy to do.

Lots of battery, isolator, combiner, charger options out there. 




Roger Engdahl and Susan Green
2001 U320 3610 #5879 (Home2) - 2014 Jeep Cherokee or 2018 F150
Hastings, MN

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #21
Wyatt why the 14.3? Is that at the batteries?

Would be great in real winter weather.  Would seem way over volts if the batteries are not at zero degrees?

Would seem to be partially desulphating the bank all the time. Was that the idea?

I thought you were using gels?

 
"Riding and rejoicing"
Bob
1997 U320 40' Mid entry, build 5132,  wtbi ce27, 4th owner
2007 Solara convertible
2 prodeco tech outlaw ss electric bikes

1095 watts solar
08 Ls 460 and a sc430
2000 Ford F-250 superduty 4x4


Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #23
On a asphalt  parking area at the colorado river in the summer the battery compartment can exceed the high temp limit.

Battery heaters consume lots of power. We dry camped in the winter skiing long ago a lot.

Woke up one morning at lower than -32 F. 

New flooded cell 8d's.

Volts.  No amps.  Every green light off in the coach. 

Luckily the snow plow barn was next to us and they jumped the cat to get it to start

A  aquahot , dual pane window with AGM or gels is a true four season useable coach without any thought needed.

"Riding and rejoicing"
Bob
1997 U320 40' Mid entry, build 5132,  wtbi ce27, 4th owner
2007 Solara convertible
2 prodeco tech outlaw ss electric bikes

1095 watts solar
08 Ls 460 and a sc430
2000 Ford F-250 superduty 4x4

Re: Battery Isolator Question - 1993 U-280

Reply #24
14.3 VDC on an "all day long drive" will overcharge the batteries!

Options:

Get a smart regulator-- we have used one for decades on our boats.

Set voltage at a "compromise" between bulk rate and float rate.  Perhaps 13.5 VDC at the batteries. And, to fine-tune further, a little lower in summer and a little higher in winter.
Brett Wolfe
EX: 1993 U240
Moderator, ForeForum 2001-
Moderator Diesel RV Club 2002-
Moderator, FMCA Forum 2009-2020
Chairman FMCA Technical Advisory Committee 2011-2020